HOW IS BIOGAS
PRODUCED?
BIOGAS
BIOGAS
Renewable energy production in the world; gained importance due to global warming. An environmentally friendly energy production and consumption is important for many large companies today. Many countries that are advancing with the goal of zero carbon footprint in 2050 support renewable energy. Energy production from biogas is one of the types of renewable energy production. Biogas is a type of flammable gas obtained as a result of fermentation from organic substances. The resulting biogas contains 50-60% methane gas. Methane gas, on the other hand, is converted into electrical energy by using it as a fuel in power units such as gas engines. In biogas production; Many substances such as domestic waste, cattle and poultry manure, corn silage, oil waste can be used. In addition, the product that completes the fermentation process can be used as fertilizer.
Biogas production is a complex biochemical process involving microorganisms with different roles.
TYPES OF FERMENTATION FACILITIES:
1.Wet Fermentation: Biomass is converted into slurry. Methane gas is produced by processing the slurry in fermenters called reactors. Dry matter amount in the reactor 5-12% Continuous System
2.Semi-Dry System: In this section, the biomass is in the form of liquid sludge in the plug flow reactor. Dry matter amount in the reactor 10-20% Continuous System
3. Dry System: The biomass is solid, it is fermented in the tunnel without dilution. Dry matter amount in the reactor 20-40% Discontinuous system (batch process)
BIOGAS PLANTS
BIOGAS STAGE
1. After the necessary raw material composition is made, it is sent to the fermentation tanks by pumps
2. Fermentation begins when the heating unit brings the temperature of the raw material composition to about 38°C
3. In order to store the gases produced in these tanks, a membrane and a gas storage frame are mounted on the fermenter. The produced biogas is stored in the membrane system.
4. After the fermentation process is completed, the organic fertilizer is transported to the storage tank via the central pump.
5. With the help of a separator, organic fertilizer is separated into solid and liquid phases.
6. During this process, the gas is sent to the desulfurization unit to remove the hydrogen sulfide from the biogas.
7. Biogas, which has undergone desulphurization and contains between 50% and 60% methane, is sent to the gas engine. The gas engine converts gas into both electricity and heat energy. 8. Some of the heat produced by the gas engine is used to heat the fermentation tanks.